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Portus Julius ...

The Portus Julius was by Marcus Agrippa Vipsanius during the civil war between Octavian and Sextus Pompey (37 BC) was commissioned. The magnificent harbor was intended for the arsenal of Classis Misenensis, the main Roman fleet. The construction work was entrusted to the architect Lucius Coelius Actus whose imagination to connect the port to the lakes and Lucrin Avernus a navigable channel and to Cumae from a 1 km long underground tunnel that would pass through the carriages guaranteed. The port was to Gaius Julius Caesar named in honor of.

offered after completion of Portus Julius a comprehensive range of maritime support services: storage for catering supplies, cisterns for drinking water, dry docks for maintenance of the hulls of boats and workshops for the repair of sails. For other, more personal needs was also gesogt: Leisure facilities, the Temple of Poseidon, and discreet brothels.

The military life of the port, however, remained short because of silting. Already in 12 BC, the imperial fleet on the nearby natural pools of Miseno moved and the port was transferred to civilian use. It was from this place, that galleys on the orders of the Commander Naval Gaius Plinius Secundus Maior (short Pliny the Elder) were sent to evacuate the terrified inhabitants of Pompeii and Herculaneum during the devastating eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD.

Over the millennia, the fate of the original complex of bradyseism (earth movements caused by volume changes in an underlying magma chamber and / or hydrothermal activity) dominated. In the late fifth century turned Flavius Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus Senator established that the outer pier of the port had fallen into decay. In the following centuries it disappeared completely; Lucrino was combined with the sea again. This movement of the shoreline continued to 29 September 1538, when a volcanic eruption took place in which generates the so-called New Mountain, destroying the village and were reduced to sea Tripergola Lucrino to little more than a pond.

Portus Julius came to light again by aerial photographs taken during World War II. Photos illustrate the topography of the large complex, which has an area of about 10 hectares. Warehouses were could be identified, described as well as various columns, the courtyards of houses. Ultimately, most of the mapping of the area of \u200b\u200bstudy such photographs was compiled.

The details of the construction of the port but were recovered through underwater studies and observations. The walls and pillars rise from a few inches up bears witness to more than one meter above the sea floor and the walls of the various construction methods, in particular reticulated masonry. Way, floor mosaics, ceramics and even the beginnings of frescoes are still present.